Step By Step Guide to Building a Retaining Wall

Building a retaining wall is a substantial DIY project that requires careful planning and execution to ensure stability and longevity. Retaining walls are commonly used to hold back soil and create level terraces in sloped areas. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to build a retaining wall:

Materials and Tools You'll Need:

• Retaining wall blocks or stones

• Gravel or crushed stone for base

• Concrete adhesive or mortar

• Geotextile fabric

• Drainage pipe

• Drainage gravel

• Wooden stakes

• Mason's string

• Level

• Shovel

• Wheelbarrow

• Tamper

• Rubber mallet

• Circular saw or stone saw (for cutting blocks)

• Safety gear (gloves, safety glasses)

Step 1: Planning and Permits

1. Check local building codes and regulations regarding retaining walls. Depending on the height and location of your wall, you may need a permit.

   2.Determine the height, length, and location of your retaining wall. Consider drainage, soil type, and slope when planning.

Step 2: Gather Materials

1. Purchase the necessary materials, including retaining wall blocks or stones, gravel, adhesive, geotextile fabric, drainage pipe, and drainage gravel.

Step 3: Excavation and Site Preparation

1. Mark the area where the wall will be built using wooden stakes and mason's string.

2. Excavate the area, digging a trench for the first course of blocks. The trench should be at least 6 inches deep and wide enough to accommodate the width of your blocks plus 4-6 inches on each side.

3. Compact the soil in the trench using a tamper to create a stable base.

Step 4: Base and Drainage

1. Lay a 2-3 inch layer of gravel or crushed stone in the trench and compact it.

2. Place a layer of geotextile fabric over the gravel to prevent soil from infiltrating the drainage layer.

3. Install a perforated drainage pipe on top of the fabric, sloping it slightly to direct water away from the wall.

4. Cover the drainage pipe with more gravel, ensuring proper drainage.

Step 5: First Course of Blocks

1. Apply a 1/2-inch layer of mortar or concrete adhesive on the base layer of gravel.

2. Start laying the first course of retaining wall blocks, making sure they are level and aligned. Use a level to check both horizontally and vertically.

3. Tap the blocks into place using a rubber mallet.

4. Check the alignment and levelness of the blocks as you go, making adjustments as needed.

Step 6: Building Additional Courses

1. Continue building additional courses of blocks, staggering the joints for stability. Use adhesive as needed between the blocks.

2. Backfill behind the wall with soil, compacting it in layers as you go.

3. Install drainage gravel behind the wall to aid in proper drainage.

Step 7: Capping and Finishing

1. Add capstones to the top of the retaining wall, securing them with adhesive.

2. Check the wall's level and alignment one final time before the adhesive dries.

3. Finish the landscaping around the wall as desired, including planting, mulching, or adding decorative elements.

Step 8: Maintenance

1. Regularly inspect the retaining wall for signs of erosion or movement.

2. Clean any debris from the drainage system to ensure proper functionality.

3. Address any issues promptly to prevent structural problems.

Building a retaining wall can be physically demanding and may require assistance from others. If your wall is taller or more complex, consider consulting with a professional engineer or contractor to ensure it meets safety and structural requirements.

Better Masonry and Concrete offers retaining wall services in Polk County, West Hillsborough County, and surrounding areas. Contact us to request an appointment for our services.